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CUET - PERFORMING ARTS - UNIT - V - Contribution of musicians & composers - Kazi Nazrul Islam

Kazi Nazrul Islam: The Rebel Poet (काजी नज़रुल इस्लाम: 'विद्रोही' कवि)

1. Janm aur Shuruati Jivan (Birth & Early Life)

  • Janm: 24 May 1899 ko Bengal Presidency (ab Pashchim Bengal) ke Churulia gaon mein hua.

  • Bachpan: Unka upnaam 'Dukhu Miañ' tha. Pita ki mritiyu ke baad, sirf 10 saal ki umr mein unhone masjid ke rakh-rakhav aur 'muezzin' ka kaam sambhala.

  • Lok Kala: Unhone 'Leto' (folk theatre group) mein kaam karte hue kavita aur sangeet ki barikiyaan seekhin, jahan unhone Hindu purano aur lok kathaon par natak likhe.

2. 'Bidrohi' aur Krantikari Vyaktitv (The Rebel & Activist)

  • Fauji Jivan: 1917 mein ve British Indian Army mein shamil hue aur Karachi mein rahe. Wahin se unhone apna sahitya safar shuru kiya.

  • The Rebel (Bidrohi): 1922 mein unki kavita "Bidrohi" ne pure Bharat mein halchal macha di. Isne unhe "Bidrohi Kobi" (Rebel Poet) ki pehchan dilayi.

  • Azaadi ki Ladai: Unhone apni patrika Dhumketu aur kavitaon ke madhyam se British Raj ki kadi ninda ki, jis wajah se unhe kai baar jail bhi jana pada.

3. Sangeet aur Sahitya (Nazrul Geeti & Literature)

  • Nazrul Geeti: Unhone lagbhag 4,000 geeton ki rachna ki, jo aaj 'Nazrul Geeti' ke naam se amar hain.

  • Ghazal: Unhe Bengali bhasha mein Ghazal pesh karne ka shrey diya jata hai.

  • Vishay (Themes): Unka sahitya hamesha samanta (equality), nyay (justice), aur insaniyat (humanity) par kendrit raha. Unhone bhikshukon aur veshyayon tak ko apne sahitya mein sammanjanak sthaan diya.

4. Dharmik Samanvay (Religious Pluralism)

  • Nazrul Islam dharmik ekta ke sabse bade prateek mane jate hain.

  • Ek taraf unhone Islam ke darshan par likha, toh dusri taraf unhone Shyama Sangeet, Bhajan aur Kirtan ki bhi rachna ki. Unka manna tha ki dharmik jhagde sirf purohiton aur imamo ke beech hote hain, aam insaan ke beech nahi.

5. Bimari aur Antim Samay (Illness & Legacy)

  • Pick's Disease: 1942 mein, matra 43 saal ki umr mein, ve ek durlabh bimari (Pick's disease) ka shikar hue, jisse unki yaaddasht aur awaaz chali gayi.

  • Bangladesh ke Rashtriya Kavi: 1972 mein Bangladesh banne ke baad, unhe wahan ka Rashtriya Kavi (National Poet) ghoshit kiya gaya aur unhe wahan ki nagrikta di gayi.

  • Nidhan: 29 August 1976 ko Dhaka mein unka nidhan hua. Unki ichha ke anusar, unhe Dhaka University ki masjid ke paas dafnaaya gaya.

Quick Comparison: Tagore vs. Nazrul (Ek Jhalak)

Pehlu (Aspect)Rabindranath TagoreKazi Nazrul Islam
Pehchan (Title)Vishwakavi / GurudevBidrohi Kobi (Rebel Poet)
Sangeet (Music)Rabindra Sangeet (Classical base)Nazrul Geeti (Folk, Ghazal & Revolutionary)
Nobel Prize1913 (Literature)Awarded Padma Bhushan & Ekushey Padak
Main ThemeNature, Mysticism, HumanismRebellion, Equality, Anti-imperialism
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